ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
     

    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Aurelia ȚOȚOIU, Neculai PATRICHE

    Ectoparasites affect the external surfaces of fish, specifically the skin, fins, eyes, and gills. This study analyzes biological samples of pelagic and demersal fish collected between 2016 and 2019 from the Romanian Black Sea coast. Six fish species were examined for ectoparasites: Sprattus spratus (sprat), Engraulis encrasicolus (anchovy), Trachurus mediterraneus (horse mackerel), Platichthys flesus (flounder), Pegusa lascaris (sand sole), and Scophthalmus maeoticus (turbot). Four ectoparasite species were identified: Trichodina domerguei and Cryptocaryon irritans (protozoa), Mazocraes alosae (flatworm), and Cystoopsis acipenseris (nematode). T. domerguei was the most common ectoparasite and had the highest level of infestation, particularly in turbot, which averaged 28 parasites per host, with 27-65% affected. M. alosae was found in sprat, while C. acipenseris and C. irritans affected horse mackerel and sand sole at low levels. Infestations caused by ectoparasites in fish do not have as great an impact as infections with other pathogens (such as viruses and bacteria). Still, it is one of the secondary causes of viral and bacterial diseases.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Mykhailo PETRIV, Liubov FERENTS, Stakh VOVK, Vitalii Fedorovych, Vasyl FEDOROVYCH

    It is known that the success of breeding poultry depends on the level of selection and breeding work, and the use of feeding and growing technologies. The method of research work was to investigate the reproductive qualities of the gray breed group of geese of Obroshinsky selection and to analyze the productivity indicators in different periods of cultivation. The review presents the state of the poultry industry development at the beginning before military operations and during 2022 against the background of the war, as well as the prospects for innovative development of the waterfowl industry in the territory of Western Ukraine and the possibility Obroshinsky gray geese in crossings to obtain local young goslings. The intensity of growth, the development of the young, and its preservation during the rearing period were studied, and the reproductive qualities of Obroshin gray geese were analyzed. As a result of the selection and breeding work, the geese of the II research group (OS-5 ♂ x OS-3 ♀) outperformed their peers, respectively: in insufficiency by 3.4%, fertilization by 3.9%, and hatching of goslings by 4, 1%. The muscle mass of the males of the II experimental group was 1698, which was 8.8% more likely (p < 0.01) than the males of the I group. Females of the II group, whose muscle mass was 1560 g with probability (p < 0.001), prevailed over their peers (1390 g) by 8.6%.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Alexandru-Ionuț ȘTEFAN, Alexandru-Ionuț CÎRÎC, George SCARLAT, Antoneta-Elena SIMA, Elena-Narcisa POGURSCHI

    Dry-cured meat products are highly esteemed by consumers due to their unique sensory profiles and extended shelf life. This study synthesizes recent research to provide a comprehensive overview of the sensory, physicochemical, and microbiological properties of dry-cured products. It explores the interrelationships among these characteristics and their collective influence on product quality. Key parameters analyzed include sensory attributes, moisture content, pH, total aerobic plate count, and populations of lactic acid bacteria. This study offers novel insights into the optimization of maturation processes, based on the latest findings. The outcomes are expected to advance production practices, ensuring superior product quality that aligns with evolving consumer expectations.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Eleonora NEDELCHEVA, Tsvetelina GEORGIEVA, Stanislav PENCHEV, Atanas ATANASOV, Ivaylo HRISTAKOV, Magdalena KACHEL, Plamen DASKALOV

    Statistical analysis for evaluation of nine quality parameters of honey samples using two optical devices is presented in the paper. Honey from 14 regions of Bulgaria formed a set of 29 samples included in the study. The presence of heavy metals - arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), Hg and pH, amount of pH, reducing sugars, sweet disaccharide and water content are preliminary evaluated in the certificated laboratory. The color digital images of the honey samples are obtained using camera of mobile phone and document camera and the data are transformed into Lab and HSV color spaces, the feature vector includes 9 color features. Correlation matrices, descriptive statistics and histograms are included in the statistical analysis. Using of document camera allow to apply more informative color features that could increase the assessment accuracy. The results show that there are informative features for quality assessment of honey samples using their color images. The identified informative signs will be integrated into developed mathematical and neural models for the quality assessment of honey through their color images.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Miroslav HRISTOV, Nikolay MARKOV, Tsvetelina DIMITROVA, Tsvetan MARKOV, Genoveva GEORGIEVA, Nikolay NEBYLYTSYA, Oleksandr BOYKO, Oleksandr GAVRISH

    The study investigated 16 microclimatic parameters in a steel-concrete building for rearing Simmental dairy cattle in the Troyan region. The analyses were carried out with an electronic device "Air Environment Analyzer", electronic environment patent №. 127047, of the Cherkassy Experimental Station of Bioresources of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. Measurements were made in the following seasons: spring, summer and winter. Air exchange and heat balance of the building were evaluated. Rectal and body temperature, pulse and respiratory rate of 10 lactating Simmental cows were measured. The comfort indices were monitored and recorded according to Grant, 2009 and the relationship between the studied parameters and the milk production of the animals was analysed.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Gabriela AMARIȚII, Andra-Sabina NECULAI-VĂLEANU, Vasile MACIUC

    The aim of the study is to analyze the dynamic of the main quality indicators of milk production over the period 2023 - 2024 for a herd of dairy cows belonging to the breed Romanian Black Spotted exploited in condition of a farm from NE Romania. The data were obtained from the Official Production Control and were statistically processed using the computer programs SAVC and SPSS 16.00. The mean annual values of the SCC are 202.56 x 103/ml in 2023 respectively 188.09 x103 /ml in 2024. The milk components show variability with season and different THI thresholds so that, milk fat content is lower in 2023’ summer being 3.89% and 3.65% in autumn 2024. The analysis was carried out done from influence of heat stress perspective because it is impacting the milk quality.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Hristo HRISTOV, Toncho PENEV, Kalin DIMITROV

    The report aimed to present our study of the relationship between the temperature-humidity index (THI) and the surface temperature of the eye, and the thigh of Holstein-Friesian cows raised on a farm in southeastern Bulgaria, using infrared thermography (IRT). Measurements were conducted twice a month, May, June and July, twice a day at 10:00 AM and 5:00 PM, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the maximum eye temperatures and the temperature-humidity index was 0.7. The correlation coefficient between the surface temperature of the skin of the cows in the thigh area and the temperature-humidity index was 0.92. With an increase in the temperature-humidity index values, the rate of increase in the maximum eye temperature values was the highest (Slope=0.136). The rate of increase of minimum thigh surface temperatures with rising THI values is around 0.30 (Slope=0.297). The increase in the values of the temperature-humidity index leads to an increase in the temperature of the eyes and the surface temperature of the thigh in dairy cows, which is a result of an increase in the heat load on their body. The temperature of the thigh increases faster than the temperature of the eyes when the THI increases because the thigh is an area with massive muscles, which, in addition to its other role, is probably used for increased heat loss under conditions of heat stress.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Vlad Andrei MATEI, Gabriela ȚĂRANU ILISEI, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Paul Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Monica MARIN

    Facilitating the transition from current production and consumption models to circular ones represents one of the global challenges that the agri-food sector must face. The application of bioeconomy principles in animal husbandry can bring real benefits both at the agricultural producer level and in terms of the environment. Several categories of agriculture by-products have a high potential for their use in animal feed, providing a high supply of antioxidants, which has an positive impact on safety and security issues. Vegetal waste utilization in natural antioxidants production is a solution for producers in order to satisfy the preferences of meat consumers as well as the trends that have occurred among them, but it will also bring positive contribution related to the environment resource preservation. In this context, many studies, both at national and global level, where published in the scientific literature field related to the use of natural antioxidants benefits, at the livestock farm management. This paper aims to present from a bibliometric perspective the main outcomes of the previous studies, offering a qualitative analysis related to the most relevant works.

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Constantin PASCAL, Daniel SIMEANU, Claudia PÂNZARU, Răzvan Mihail RADU-RUSU, Marian Alexandru MARIAN, Ionică NECHIFOR

    The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of administering a vitamin and mineral supplement on the growth and body development of young sheep. The biological material consisted of two groups (L1 and L2) of young ewes, and the experimental factor was the supplementary administration of the vitamin-mineral complex (VM), given only to the L2 group. At the time of breeding, the live weight in L2 was 4.67% higher compared to L1 (P ≤ 0.001). Evaluation of body condition showed that VM supplementation did not have a significant influence but directly contributed to better body development in L2. For croup height, chest circumference, body width, chest depth, and croup length, the statistical differences between the groups were highly significant (P ≤ 0.001). In L1, the proportion of non-pregnant and aborted maiden ewes was higher (20% vs. 12%).

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    Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
    Written by Alexandru USTUROI, Gabriela ATUDOSIEI (ANIȚĂ), Răzvan Mihail RADU-RUSU, Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Cătălin Emilian NISTOR, Dana TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Francois Djitie KOUATCHO, Mădălina Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Marius Gheorghe DOLIȘ, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, Claudia PÂNZARU, Benone PĂSĂRIN

    The study aimed to evaluate the improvement in broiler chicken meat quality through the administration of natural biostimulators. The research involved 4,500 Ross-308 chickens, divided into three groups (1,500 birds/group), each consisting of five replicates. The control group (C-G) did not receive any biostimulator. In the experimental group L-E, the Esstence product was administered during the first 15 days of life (8.0 ml/liter of water), while in group L-HS, the Herba Safe product was administered during the first 10 days of life (2.0 ml/liter of water). No antibiotics were used; only the two mandatory PPA vaccines were administered. Slaughter parameters were assessed by determining the carcass yield and identifying the proportions of the cut portions that make up the carcasses. Meat quality parameters included measurements of water, protein, lipids, ash, fatty acids, cholesterol content, and the meat's energy value. The general conclusion was that the administration of the Esstence product to Ross-308 chickens resulted in an improvement in both slaughter indicators and the quality of the meat obtained, under conditions where no pharmaceutical support was provided during the rearing period.

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